12.6 The os.path module

os.path.atime($x$)
The os.path.atime($x$) function returns a date object representing the time of the last access of the file with pathname $x$.

os.path.ctime($x$)
The os.path.ctime($x$) function returns a date object representing the time of the last status change to the file with pathname $x$.

os.path.exists($x$)
The os.path.exists($x$) function returns a boolean flag indicating whether a file with pathname $x$ exists.

os.path.expanduser($x$)
The os.path.expanduser($x$) function returns its argument with $\sim $s indicating home directories expanded.

os.path.filesize($x$)
The os.path.filesize($x$) function returns the size, with physical dimensions of bytes, of the file with pathname $x$.

os.path.join(...)
The os.path.join(...) function joins a series of strings intelligently into a pathname.

os.path.mtime($x$)
The os.path.mtime($x$) function returns a date object representing the time of the last modification of the file with pathname $x$.